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ADHD appears to be associated with depressed dopamine activity in the brain: Adults with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) show a blunted response to the Methylphenidate ( Ritalin ), which increases brain dopamine levels. This suggests that dopamine dysfunction may be involved with ADHD symptoms and may contribute to substance abuse that often occurs simul...
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The endocannabinoid system: The endocannabinoid system was discovered through research into delta 9 �tetrahydrocannabinol ( THC ), the active ingredient in cannabis. The endocannabinoid system consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous cannabinoids ( endocannabinoids ), and the enzymes that synthesize and degrade endocan...
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Depression: brain imaging can predict effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy: Brain imaging can predict whether or not cognitive behavior therapy ( CBT ) will help a patient recover from depression, according to researchers at University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. The research is published in the American Journal of Psychiatry. More than 17 million adults in the ...
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Reduced brain volume may predict dementia in elderly people: Reduced volume, or atrophy, in parts of the brain known as the amygdala and hippocampus may predict which cognitively healthy elderly people will develop dementia over a six-year period. New strategies may be able to prevent or delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of deme...
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Number of serotonin receptors influences brain's response to fear and stress: How we respond to stressful situations and difficult times could be due in part to dominance of one cell-surface marker over another in a region of the brain involved in regulating emotional responses and behaviors, suggests results of a University of Pittsburgh study. These two markers � both re...
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Loss of stathmin, a fear factor, makes timid mouse bold: Researchers have identified a fear factor � a protein the brain uses to generate one of the most powerful emotions in humans and animals. The molecule is essential for triggering both the innate fears that animals are born with � such as the shadow of an approaching predator � as well as fears that...
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CREB, a brain protein, linked to alcoholism and anxiety: Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago have discovered that a protein found in the brain is genetically linked to alcoholism and anxiety. Results of the study are published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation. The researchers studied rats selectively bred for high alcohol ...
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Two enzymes, glyoxalase 1 and glutathione reductase 1, increase anxiety in mouse brains: Increasing the activity of two enzymes better known for their role in oxidative stress metabolism turns normally relaxed mice into " Nervous Nellies," according to research conducted at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies and reported in the journal Nature. Locally overexpressing either gly...
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Gene that may control risk-taking behavior identified: Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center have found that a specific neurodevelopmental gene, called neuroD2, is related to the development of an almond-shaped area of the brain called the amygdala, the brain's emotional seat. This gene also controls emotional-memory formation and develo...
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Amygdala plays pivotal role during an emotional experience: Researchers led by UC Irvine neuroscientists has identified how the brain processes and stores emotional experiences as long-term memories. The research, performed on rats, could help neuroscientists better understand why emotionally arousing events are remembered over longer periods than emotional...
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